What is Bipolar Disorder?
Though displayed in a variety of ways on TV, the true experience of bipolar can be an impactful and draining one. This diagnosis is a complex experience that affects millions of Americans. So what is it truly? What does treatment look like?
What Is Bipolar Disorder?
Bipolar disorder—often referred to as manic depression—is characterized by alternating periods of mania or hypomania (elevated mood, increased energy) and depression (low mood, fatigue, hopelessness). These shifts aren't simply mood swings, and they don’t typically reflect or align with what’s happening throughout the day. They can significantly impair a person’s ability to function, maintain relationships, employment, or even practice self-care.
Common Symptoms:
Mania or Hypomania is often characterized by:
Increased energy, talkativeness, or impulsivity
Grandiose thinking or unrealistic plans
Decreased need for sleep
Risky behavior (e.g., overspending, substance use, unsafe sex)
Depressive episodes often include:
Low energy or fatigue
Feelings of worthlessness or guilt
Difficulty concentrating
Suicidal thoughts, ideation, or actions
Recognizing these symptoms is crucial for effective management and mental health support. Depending on the advancement and expression of symptoms, some individuals may find themselves in unsafe situations or even hospitalized. If you or someone you know would benefit from crisis resources, please find them here.
Receiving a Diagnosis:
There are different kinds of bipolar disorder, and they can be diagnosed through a combination of clinical interviews, mood tracking, and psychological assessments.
Symptoms may also be easily masked and mimicked by other mental health conditions like ADHD, major depressive disorder, or borderline personality disorder, which makes a thorough evaluation especially important.
These feelings can be very confusing, and they often don’t check all diagnostic boxes when we’re trying to self-diagnose. Always consult with a healthcare practitioner if you’re concerned about how you’ve been feeling.
It’s often easier to notice a depressive episode than a manic one, but loved ones may often notice something “off,” or “extra” happening. Also, keep in mind that suicidal ideation can also be very present during both manic/hypomanic and depressive episodes.
Treatment Often Includes a Combination Of:
Medication, like mood stabilizers or antidepressants
Therapy, especially Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), or even group therapy
Lifestyle changes like sleep regulation, stress reduction, and supportive relationships
Still, a Stigma Soars:
Not only can starting treatment be difficult, but stigma can also be an impossibly large barrier for healing.
Media portrayals often exaggerate or misrepresent the condition, contributing to harmful stereotypes. People may be unfairly and unfoundedly labeled as “unstable” or “dangerous,” which can lead to shame, isolation, and delayed diagnosis or treatment.
Educating ourselves and others about the reality of bipolar disorder helps reduce stigma and promote understanding around the truth. Just like physical illnesses, bipolar disorder is manageable with the right tools and support.
Empowerment - The Way Forward:
Many people with bipolar disorder live full, vibrant lives.
Empowerment means having access to compassionate care, being free to talk openly about mental health, and feeling supported—not judged—on your journey.
Here at Herr-Era, our therapists are committed to providing care that sees YOU — beyond any diagnosis. We wholeheartedly believe in helping you get the support you’re striving for.
You are not alone! And whether you live with bipolar disorder or love someone who does, community and understanding can make all the difference.